| Reprinted from: Kinzer, C., Labbo,
L. D., Leu, D. J., & Teale, W. H. (2002). Best Practices - teacher
preparation - technology: Connections that enhance children’s
literacy acquisition and reading achievement. Paper presented at the
Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association, New
Orleans, April, 1-5. |
| 1. Teacher knowledge, insight, and orchestration of instruction
|
| The teacher’s knowledge, ability to make
principled, insightful, instructional decisions for individual children,
and the ability to orchestrate effective instruction for the group
of children being taught are more influential factors in student literacy
achievement than knowing particular procedures for instruction or
following scripted lesson plans. |
| 2. Language, culture, home background, and literacy instruction |
| Providing school reading instruction that builds
on young children’s language, culture, and home background enhances
their chances for success in learning to read and write. |
| 3. Emergent literacy foundations |
| Basic early literacy concepts, skills, and positive
attitudes that form the foundation for subsequent reading and writing
achievement are developed by immersing young children in literacy-rich
classrooms. |
| 4. Phonemic awareness instruction |
|
Instructional activities that develop children’s phonemic awareness increase
reading achievement, when individual children have not acquired
this important knowledge. |
| 5. Decoding Instruction |
| Instruction in the sound-symbol correspondences
of language (often called phonics instruction) is positively related
to student achievement in reading. |
| 6. Comprehension instruction |
| Instructional activities that develop children’s
abilities and strategies for comprehending written language enhance
reading achievement. |
| 7. Independent reading |
| The more young children read a variety of texts
that interest them, the more likely they are to achieve well in reading. |
| 8. Fluency instruction |
| Fostering the development of reading fluency through
appropriate instructional activities and extensive opportunities to
read fluently is associated with higher reading achievement. |
| 9. Integrating writing and reading |
| Providing writing instruction linked to reading
instruction enhances achievement in reading as well as in writing. |
| 10. Technology and early literacy development |
| Integrating computer and Internet technologies
into literacy instruction in the early grades of school provides the
foundation for continued learning of both conventional and digital
literacies as children proceed through school. |
| 11. Early assessment and instructional intervention |
| Monitoring children’s early literacy development
through ongoing classroom assessment and providing instruction based
on the diagnostic information obtained, including appropriate instructional
intervention to children who fall significantly behind, enhances the
chances that children will achieve satisfactorily in reading and writing.
|
| 12. Enthusiasm for reading and writing |
| Teaching in ways that foster young children’s
enthusiasm for and engagement with reading and writing enhances the
likelihood that they will learn to read and write successfully and
become lifelong readers and writers. |
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